PureFlow Biological Domestic Wastewater Treatment Plant

PRODUCT COMPLIES WITH THE STANDARD PN-EN 12566-3+A2:2013-10

PureFlow Diagram

Primary settling tank
Biological Reactor
Imhoff Cone
Secondary settling tank
Control module
Mammoth Pump
Recirculation Airlift Pump
Aeration Diffuser
Settler Covers
Raw sewage inlet DN160
Treated sewage outlet DN110
Built-in Treated Wastewater Pumping Station

DESTINY

The PureFlow biological wastewater treatment plant is designed for treating domestic wastewater in areas without access to sewage systems. The use of activated sludge technology – identical to that used in wastewater treatment plants serving entire cities – allows for very good parameters of treated wastewater. This solution, used for years, has gained recognition worldwide as effective and simple in construction. Appropriately ribbed, vertical tanks allow for maximum space utilization and optimal conditions for the growth of bacteria necessary in the treatment process. The simple construction without solenoid valves and controllers helps avoid expensive servicing; it’s enough to check the valve settings once or twice a year. By default, the treatment plant consists of three chambers. The primary settler is where raw sewage from the household flows in. This is where the pollutant load is averaged and mechanical treatment occurs. Sediments heavier than water settle to the bottom and undergo partial mineralization, fats collect at the top forming a scum layer, and the wastewater in between flows to the second tank. In the biological reactor, proper wastewater treatment takes place. Thanks to intensive aeration, bacterial microflora develops, which breaks down the pollutants contained in the wastewater. Then, the treated wastewater flows into the Imhoff cone, where it is deprived of bacterial suspension – activated sludge. It is recirculated to the biological reactor. Then, the pre-clarified liquid flows to the secondary settler where final sedimentation occurs. Despite its simplicity, the PureFlow biological treatment plant excellently handles domestic pollutants, and the construction enriched with an additional secondary settler ensures clear and transparent effluent at the outflow. This means that the treatment plant can optionally be equipped with a treated wastewater pump, which allows saving a lot of money and space necessary for building a classic pumping station. In summary, the PureFlow treatment plant is a simple and effective solution for all water and soil conditions and is an excellent choice for your home.

DESCRIPTION OF THE OPERATION OF THE PureFlow DOMESTIC SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT

PHASE I – RAW SEWAGE INFLOW:

The bottom, and the fats float to the top. This also averages the wastewater, allowing for uniform treatment of each batch. Then, due to differences in liquid levels, the wastewater flows through the siphon into the biological reactor.

PHASE II – AERATION IN THE BIOLOGICAL REACTOR:

Mechanically treated wastewater is intensively aerated in the reactor. Contact with oxygen allows for the growth of bacteria, which reduce contaminants contained in the wastewater. At the same time, thanks to the appropriate valve settings, a buffer is created in the reactor, meaning that up to a certain point, more wastewater flows out than is recycled from the Imhoff funnel, where it is then transferred in the next stage.

PHASE III – SEDIMENTATION

Through a process called sedimentation, excess sludge collects in the lower part of the hopper. From there, it is returned to the biological reactor via an air pump (mammoth). Excess liquid flows to the secondary settling tank.

PHASE IV – FINAL CLARIFICATION AND DISCHARGE OF TREATMENT WASTEWATER:

Wastewater that flowed out of the Imhoff hopper in the previous phase is removed from the secondary settling tank, removing any remaining suspended solids and nitrogen compounds. It then leaves the treatment plant by gravity or pumping and flows into the receiving water.

HOLIDAY MODE

In the event of a low sewage level in the primary settling tank (below 100 cm) caused by a lack of new sewage flowing into the treatment plant, the controller automatically switches to energy-saving mode. The treatment program continues to run. The aeration phase is shortened, reducing the amount of energy required. Depending on the load at the inlet to the primary chamber, the program fully automatically decides whether the energy-saving cycle can be continued or normal operation should be restored.

WASTEWATER TREATMENT EQUIPMENT

A complete treatment plant consists of multi-chamber biological reactors forming a system of one to several tanks, depending on the load/number of people.

TYPE OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT

DELIVERY, TRANSPORT, UNLOADING

TREATMENT PLANT LOCATION

DELIVERY, TRANSPORT, UNLOADING

TREATMENT PLANT LOCATION

Furthermore, the distance of the clarifier, which comprises the domestic wastewater treatment plant (for single-family, farm, and individual recreational buildings) from the property boundary and public road should be a minimum of 2 m. From windows and external doors to rooms intended for permanent human occupancy, the distance should be no less than 5 m (in direct proximity to single-family buildings). The location distance of filtration ditches and drainage fields should be 30 m from wells, 2 m from the neighboring property boundary, road (street) or pedestrian walkway. A domestic treatment plant can be built in direct proximity to single-family buildings, provided its ventilation is routed through the sewage system at least 0.6 m above the upper edge of windows and external doors in these buildings.

An important criterion determining the location of a domestic wastewater treatment plant is the distance from water intakes. The treatment plant tank should not be installed at a distance less than 15 m from the nearest well. The distance of the infiltration drainage from water intakes should be at least 30 m, and the groundwater level must be at a depth of 1.5 m below the treated water discharge system. Maintaining such distances is conditioned by the possibility of pathogenic microorganisms penetrating water intakes. Importantly, the above distances apply to all water wells intended for human consumption – both on the property where the domestic wastewater treatment plant is to be located and on neighboring properties.

An important condition for using infiltration drainage is having soil with appropriate permeability and groundwater occurrence at least 1.5 m below the planned position of the wastewater infiltration drainage. Otherwise, it may be necessary to install a sewage pumping station and construct drainage in the form of an embankment.

Note! The treatment plant should be located in non-vehicular terrain with access for sewage trucks.

INSTALLATION OF THE HDPE SETTLER

General rules

Before starting the installation, check that the tank has not been damaged during transport. Any defects noticed should be reported to the manufacturer/retailer.
To maintain the good condition of the appliance and its operation, follow this instruction manual and its attachments. Incorrect installation may affect the improper operation of the treatment plant. The excavation and installation of the treatment plant should be carried out by a specialized contractor.
Never enter an unventilated tank – LIFE HAZARD!
Make sure that the ground around the treatment plant does not have factors that may have a negative impact during and after installation (guarantee a stable position, keep a safe distance from buildings).
Do not work in heavy rainfall (risk of trench collapse).
Soil subsidence must be taken into account in all assembly work.
After installing the tank and after each service inspection, check that the inspection hatches are closed and properly protected against opening.
We make a trench for a clarifier with dimensions in a floor plan 0.5 – 1.0 m larger than the dimensions of the settling tank. The minimum width of the backfill is 50 cm on each side of the tank.
We make sand ballast with a thickness of min. 30 cm and thicken to at least 85% (according to the Proctor scale).
We lower the tank into the trench, level and make the first layer of 30 cm of sand backfill in order to stabilize it and compact it to min. 85% according to the Proctor scale.
Check the position of the aeration diffusers. They should lie flat on the bottom of the tank.
After leveling and stabilizing the tank, we make backfilling in layers every 30 cm with its simultaneous compaction to the level of the drain spigot according to the proportions and degree of compaction as above. In each layer of filling, the clarifier should be filled with water to the level of backfilling. Particular attention must be paid to the thorough filling of all the cavities of the tank with material and the strong compaction of the layers, so that there are no voids in the backfill, which will guarantee the stability of the tank.
After making the backfill and compacting it, connect the inlet and drain ports, connecting it simultaneously with the distribution manhole.
We install the DN 650 extension, adjusting the height to the expected level of the ground (terrain) and finish the backfill with compaction. When installing the extension, it is imperative to seal the connection point with a special tank designed for this purpose with glue (e.g. Wurth glue + sealant) or another suitable sealant and then screw it with screws (e.g. Farmer type). The tank cover should not exceed 120 cm.
After the installation of the clarifier is completed, a leak test must be carried out.
After completing the above-mentioned works, we proceed to the installation of the drainage.
10. After the excavation is made, depending on the type of soil, we make a protective layer with simultaneous installation of drainage pipes and, if necessary, a supporting layer and covering it with geotextile.
After installing the device and putting it into operation, it is very important to check the correct arrangement of the diffusers located in the biological treatment zone. The biological reactor hatch must be opened and, if necessary, the diffuser should be lifted and laid flat on the bottom, which will ensure that the wastewater is aerated evenly.
Compliance with the manufacturer's guidelines will ensure the stability and functionality of the treatment plant tank and its proper behavior in the trench. Slight deformations of the tank result from the properties of the material used and do not affect the proper operation of the treatment plant. A deformation of the tank of not more than 5% is allowed.

INSTALLATION VENTILATION

To ensure proper operation of the treatment plant, the building should have high ventilation of at least DN 110 as sewerage ventilation.
The outlet of the ventilation pipe removing vapors should be routed above the building roof.
Ventilation should run in a straight line, without bends or constrictions, taking into account and sealing all inspection objects to enable proper and effective operation.
In case of installing the system at a greater distance from the building, or in case of lack of high ventilation in the building, additional ventilation should be installed on the building facade and routed to a height of at least 50 cm above the roof ridge.
If installing additional external ventilation on a residential building is impossible for various reasons, neighboring buildings or other structures should be used.
Infiltration drainage should be ventilated using an exhaust vent at the end of each drainage line - so-called low ventilation.